Let's continue our exploration of WCAG criteria related to media, now focusing on Success Criterion 1.2.6: Sign Language (Prerecorded). This is a Level AA requirement, which adds an extra layer of accessibility for video content with significant audio, specifically addressing the Deaf community who use sign language.
What does Criterion 1.2.6 require?
Criterion 1.2.6 states that for all prerecorded synchronized video content (i.e., videos with significant audio), a sign language translation must be provided.
- Sign Language: Refers to the visual translation of the audio content (dialogue and significant sounds) into a recognized sign language (e.g., ASL for American, BSL for British, LIS for Italian, etc.). This translation is performed by a professional interpreter who appears in a separate inset or adjacent to the main video.
This criterion is fundamental to ensure full access to video content for Deaf individuals who have sign language as their native language. While captions (1.2.2) provide a textual representation of audio, for many Deaf users, sign language is their first language, and understanding written text can be a challenge. Sign language offers a more natural and comprehensive communication, including the conveyance of nuances and tones that text doesn't always capture.
The move to Level AA reflects the complexity and cost associated with engaging qualified interpreters and integrating the translation into the video.
Key Differences Between Captions (1.2.2) and Sign Language (1.2.6):
It's important not to confuse these two criteria, as they serve different purposes:
- Captions (1.2.2): Are a textual representation of audio. They are useful for readers, for those with hearing impairments who don't use sign language as their primary language, and in environments where audio is unavailable.
- Sign Language (1.2.6): Is a visual translation of audio, intended for those whose native language is sign language. It offers deeper, culturally appropriate access for this specific community.
1. Qualified Interpreter: It is crucial to use certified sign language interpreters who are proficient in the specific sign language of the target audience.
2. Video Integration: The interpreter must be visible in a clear and sufficiently large inset, positioned so as not to obstruct the main visual content of the video. It is often placed in the bottom right or left corner.
3. Synchronization: The sign language translation must be synchronized with the original audio and video.
4. User Option: Users must have the option to turn the sign language interpreter's display on or off, just as they do with captions.
Additional Considerations:
- Sensitive Content: For particularly important or sensitive content (e.g., health information, emergency alerts, legal instructions), sign language is often considered the most effective form of communication for the Deaf community.
- Recognition of Sign Languages: Each country or region may have its own recognized sign language (e.g., ASL in the United States, BSL in the UK, LIS in Italy). It's important to use the appropriate sign language for the target audience.
We invite the community to share their experiences:
- Have you ever implemented sign language translation for your videos? What were the main challenges?
- What resources or organizations do you recommend for finding qualified interpreters?
- Do you believe sign language should be a Level A requirement for certain types of content?
Warm regards,
Michele (wcgadmfrm)
WCAG Plus Forum Team